Sensory Profiles: Understanding Your Child's Sensory Needs
- JR Adams
- Mar 17
- 3 min read
Every child experiences and responds to the world through their senses, but for neurodivergent children, such as those with ADHD or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), OCD, anxiety, or other conditions, sensory processing can be more complex.
Understanding your child’s sensory profile is key to helping them navigate their environment and thrive. Here’s a guide to understanding sensory needs and practical strategies for supporting your child.
What Are Sensory Needs?
Sensory needs refer to how a child’s nervous system processes sensory information—sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, movement, and even internal body awareness. Some children may be hypersensitive (over-responsive) to certain stimuli, while others may be hyposensitive (under-responsive) and seek more intense sensory input.
The Eight Senses
While most people are familiar with the five basic senses, there are actually eight senses that influence how we experience the world:
Sight (Visual): Sensitivity to bright lights, colors, or visual clutter.
Sound (Auditory): Reactions to loud noises, repetitive sounds, or the need for quiet environments.
Touch (Tactile): Sensitivity to textures, temperatures, or physical contact.
Smell (Olfactory): Responses to strong or faint odors.
Taste (Gustatory): Preferences or aversions to certain flavors or food textures.
Movement (Vestibular): Reactions to motion, balance, and spatial awareness.
Body Awareness (Proprioception): Understanding of body position and pressure, like how much force to use when holding an object.
Internal Body Signals (Interoception): Awareness of internal states like hunger, thirst, or the need to use the restroom.
Signs Your Child May Have Sensory Needs
Avoids or seeks out specific textures, sounds, or movements.
Becomes overwhelmed in noisy or crowded environments.
Struggles with transitions or new activities.
Engages in repetitive behaviors like rocking or hand-flapping.
Has difficulty with self-regulation, such as calming down after being upset.
Exhibits strong preferences or aversions to certain clothing, foods, or smells.
Supporting Your Child’s Sensory Profile
Observe and Identify PatternsPay attention to your child’s reactions to various sensory inputs. Are they avoiding, seeking, or neutral? Keep a journal to track patterns over time.
Create a Sensory-Friendly EnvironmentAdapt your home to accommodate your child’s needs. For example:
Provide noise-canceling headphones for sound-sensitive kids.
Offer weighted blankets or compression clothing for children who need deep pressure.
Use dim lighting or natural light to reduce visual overstimulation.
Incorporate Sensory ActivitiesInclude sensory-friendly activities in your child’s daily routine:
For sensory seekers: jumping on a trampoline, playing with textured toys, or engaging in water play.
For sensory avoiders: calming activities like yoga, reading in a quiet space, or gentle rocking.
Use Visual and Verbal CuesVisual schedules or verbal prompts can help your child anticipate changes and reduce anxiety. For example, use pictures to outline steps for getting ready in the morning.
Work with ProfessionalsAn occupational therapist (OT) can assess your child’s sensory profile and recommend tailored strategies, tools, or therapies to support their needs.
Building Your Child’s Self-Awareness
Empower your child to understand their own sensory preferences. Use age-appropriate language to explain what they’re experiencing and teach them self-regulation techniques, such as asking for a break when they feel overwhelmed.
Embracing Your Child’s Unique Sensory Needs
Every child’s sensory profile is unique, and learning to navigate it can open doors to deeper connection and understanding. By observing, adapting, and supporting their needs, you can help your child feel more comfortable and confident in their world.
What sensory strategies have worked well for your family? Share your tips and experiences to inspire and support others on this journey.
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